There are three constituents of any rhetorical situation.
There is exigence, audience, and constraints.
An exigence is “an imperfection marked by urgency; it is a
defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, a thing which is other than
it should be.” In almost every piece of context you will always find numerous
exigence. However they may not always be rhetorical. One that cannot be
modified is not rhetorical but for an exigence to be rhetorical is “when it is
capable of positive modification and when positive modification requires
discourse or can be assisted discourse.” An example of a rhetorical exigence
would be the pollution of our air because its positive modification such as the
reduction of pollution which strongly invites the assistance of discourse
producing public awareness.
The second constituent of rhetorical situation is the
audience. Audience is the people who engage themselves or the ideal mind into
something. A rhetorical audience must be capable of being influenced by
discourse and being mediators of change. There are different audiences for many
different things. For example there is a scientific audience that consists of
people who are capable of receiving knowledge and there is also a poetic
audience who are people capable of participating is aesthetic experiences
induced by poetry.
Lastly but
not least, the third constituent of rhetorical situation is the set of
constraints that are made up by people, events, objects, and relations that are
part of the rhetorical situation. They have the power to constrain decisions
and actions needed to modify the exigence and the audiences. For example, some
standard sources of constraints are beliefs, attitudes, documents, facts,
traditions, interests, motives, and images. There are two main classes of
constraints and those are: those originated or managed by the rhetor and his method
and the other constraints that may be operative. They must be divided to separate
the constraints that are proper from the ones that are improper.
The three
constituents combine everything that is relevant within a rhetorical situation.
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